{"id":9261,"date":"2017-01-12T06:39:23","date_gmt":"2017-01-12T04:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=9261"},"modified":"2017-01-12T14:57:33","modified_gmt":"2017-01-12T12:57:33","slug":"baskortostani-udmurdi-palvused-5-aribasi-kulapalvus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=9261","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u0161kortostani udmurdi palvused 5. Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclapalvus"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Eva Toulouze, soome-ugri uuringute professor INALCO (Pariis), T\u00dc teadur<\/em><\/p>\n

Meie tugiisik Anna viis meid 2014. aasta suvel kokku \u00fche huvitava naisega Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclast, Lilija Garaevaga.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Lilija Garaeva juures: paremalt vasakule Anna Baidullina, Eva Toulouze ja Lilija. Eval on peas Lilija kingitud r\u00e4tik. Foto: Laur Vallikivi, 11.6.2014<\/em><\/p>\n

Lilijat kasvatas vanaema Bigineevo k\u00fclast. Noorena juhtus tema elus n-\u00f6 tavaline ootamatus \u2013 \u00fcks tundmatu noormees teisest k\u00fclast r\u00f6\u00f6vis ta \u00e4ra! Ootamatu seet\u00f5ttu, et ta ei osanud aimatagi, et see noormees oli ta v\u00e4lja valinud; tavaline aga sellep\u00e4rast, et nii need asjad sealkandis k\u00e4isid (ja k\u00e4ivad praegugi). Kosimist asendab naise r\u00f6\u00f6vimine \u2013 nii on abiellunud k\u00f5ik sealsed naised. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval toimub see muidugi m\u00f5lema osapoole n\u00f5usolekuga. Tulevane abikaasa austas naise soovi edasi \u00f5ppida ning lubas tal minna I\u017eevskisse, kus ta sai \u00f5petaja kutse. Diplom k\u00e4es, pidi Lilija oma k\u00fclla tagasi minema ja noormehega abielluma. Nii juhtuski. Naine meenutas vanaema \u00f5petusi ja julgustas meest taastama k\u00fcla vanu kombeid ja palvusi. Ise kirjutab ta udmurti n\u00e4dalalehte O\u0161mesis kirjanduslikke lookesi. Lilija oli \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt s\u00f5bralik ja avatud ning me otsustasime, et tuleme tema juurde niipea kui v\u00f5imalik tagasi.<\/p>\n

Tema mehe Alekseiga saime tuttavaks kahe p\u00e4eva p\u00e4rast 10 k\u00fcla palvusel.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Teine mees paremalt on Aleksei Garaev Vilgurti m\u00f6r v\u00f6s\u2019is. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 13.6.2014<\/em><\/p>\n

Otsustasime, et Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclapalvus ongi j\u00e4rgmine, mille \u00e4ra salvestame. Lisaks Ranus Sadikovile ja minule tuli I\u017eevski televisioonist Moja Udmurtija kohale operaator Vasili Hohrjakov.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Operaator Vasili Hohrjakov I\u017eevskist. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00fclas on kaks p\u00fchakohta. J\u00f5e\u00e4\u00e4rne paik pole praegu kasutusel, aga Lilijal ja Alekseil on plaanis seal palvusi hakata korraldama.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ariba\u0161 11.6.2014, vana ohvriplats j\u00f5e \u00e4\u00e4res<\/em><\/p>\n

Probleemiks on kujunenud hanede ohverdamine. Kuigi udmurdid on traditsiooniliselt hanekasvatajad, on nad viimastel aastatel loobunud nende aastaringsest kasvatusest. Nad ostavad hiliskevadel inkubaatorist hanepoegi, realiseerivad need ning k\u00fclmutavad hiliss\u00fcgisel. Nii et palvuste ajal kevadel ei saa hanesid ohverdada \u2013 need on juba ammu s\u00fcgavk\u00fclmas hoiul.<\/p>\n

Teist kohta kasutatakse aga just kevadts\u00fckli palvuseks. See on imeilus koht m\u00e4e otsas.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ariba\u0161, toimiv ohvriplats. Foto: Laur Vallikivi, 11.6.2014<\/em><\/p>\n

Suundumegi varahommikul sinna, lahkudes autoga Aleksei ja Lilija juurest. Ootame k\u00fclas suurt traktorit, kuhu abilised peale h\u00fcppavad.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Traktorit oodates. Foto: Ranus Sadikov, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

See j\u00e4\u00e4b kahes kohas tee peal seisma, et saaks ohvriloomad peale t\u00f5sta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Traktor. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Traktor pole sugugi \u00fclearune, sest p\u00e4rast vihmasadu on raske teedel liikuda. P\u00fchakojale ei p\u00e4\u00e4se isegi traktor ligi, nii et see peatub t\u00fckk maad eemal (foto 8) ja asjad \u2013 katlad, puud, vesi, oinad \u2013 peab omal j\u00f5ul \u00fcles viima.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Traktor, p\u00fchakoht ja sinna suunduvad inimesed. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Asjad ja loomad viiakse ise \u00fcles. Foto: Ranus Sadikov, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Puude ja vee tassimine. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00e4rkasime, et see palvus on veidi teistsugune. K\u00fclast tulevad hiljem kohale ainult mehed, ohvriloomadeks on oinad, naised on toonud lameleivad ehk lehtleivad nimetusega kuar-njanj<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Lamedad leivad (kuar-njanj). Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00f5ik see n\u00e4itab, et sel palvusel on keremeti palvuse v\u00e4lised tunnused. P\u00e4rast saame teada, et p\u00fchakohtki oli p\u00f5him\u00f5tteliselt keremeti oma.<\/p>\n

Esimene kollektiivne t\u00f6\u00f6, mis ette v\u00f5etakse, on koha puhastamine umbrohust ja v\u00f5sast.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>P\u00fchakoha puhastamine v\u00f5sast. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Samas on see keremeti alal keelatud \u2013 seal ei tohi puudutada \u00fchtki elusat taime. Ilmselt on see keeld siis kohalikel ununenud. \u00a0Nagu tavap\u00e4raselt, tehakse l\u00f5ke ja naised pakuvad samal ajal enda valmistatud toitu: v\u00e4rskelt k\u00fcpsetatud leiba ja pannkooke (taban<\/em>\u2019e), hommikul kurnatud v\u00f5id ning kodutehtud kalja.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>L\u00f5kke tegemine l\u00f5busa Alekseiga. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Naiste pakutud toit. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Siis hakkab Roman, Aleksei poeg, nuga ihuma: tema ongi see, kes varsti oinad ohverdab.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Roman ihub nuga. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Kui Aleksei palvetab, siis v\u00e4ga vaikselt, nii et kaugelt teda ei kuule.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Aleksei hakkab palvetama. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Eks keremeti palvedki on vaiksed. Kas siin on n\u00e4ha selle algup\u00e4rase kohaliku palvuse m\u00f5ju? Tema taga p\u00f5lvitavad ainult naised, teised abilised j\u00e4tkavad koristus- ja puhastust\u00f6id.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Aleksei palve ajal p\u00f5lvitavad naised tema taga, samal ajal kui teised abilised j\u00e4tkavad t\u00f6\u00f6d. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Samal ajal ohverdatakse loomi: must l\u00e4heb maa jumalusele Mu-K\u00f5lt\u0161inile, valge peajumalale Inmarile. Need hoitakse eraldi ja nende veri l\u00e4heb erinevasse l\u00f5kkesse.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ohvriloomad ohverdatakse. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Roman hoiab lusikaga k\u00e4es ohvriverd, kummaski lusikas \u00fche looma oma. Varsti viskab ta need eraldi l\u00f5kkesse. Foto: Ranus Sadikov, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00fclast tuli appi kaks teismelist poissi ja m\u00e4e all oli veel kaks umbes samavanust karjapoissi. Neile tundus kogu see asi huvi pakkuvat ning nad abistasid meid terve p\u00e4eva.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>K\u00fclakari all orus. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Noored abilised. Foto: Ranus Sadikov, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Naised pesevad kaua vilja ja l\u00e4hevad siis j\u00f5e \u00e4\u00e4rde looma sisikonda puhastama.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ligunema pandud vili. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Naised l\u00e4hevad j\u00f5kke looma sisikonda pesema. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Kui nad tagasi tulevad, teevad nad uue l\u00f5kke. Sellel valmistatakse maitsev supp, nii et lisaks suurep\u00e4rasele kodusaiale ja v\u00f5ile saavad kohalolijad ka sooja toitu s\u00fc\u00fca.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Naised tulevad tagasi. Foto: Ranus Sadikov, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>L\u00f5unapaus abilistele ja k\u00fclalistele. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Vahepeal natuke sajab, aga ilm muutub varsti j\u00e4lle ilusaks.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Vihma hakkab sadama. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Liha keeb pehmeks,v\u00f5etakse v\u00e4lja, siis valatakse kruubid puljongisse ja sorteeritakse liha, kuni puder saab l\u00f5puks valmis.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Liha keeb. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Vili valatakse puljongisse. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Valmis ohvripuder. Foto: Eva Toulouze, 5.6.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Siis toimus erakordne rituaal, mis tekitas kolleeg Ranusis tohutut vaimustust: seltskond jagunes ning teine ohvripapp l\u00e4ks autoga tagasi k\u00fclla koos kahe teismelisega, kes k\u00f5ndisid m\u00f6\u00f6da k\u00fcla, karjudes \u201ev\u00f6s<\/em>\u2019e m\u00f5nele\u201d ehk \u201eminge palvusele\u201c, just nii nagu 19. sajandil Juri Wichmann on \u00fcles t\u00e4hendanud. Aleksei m\u00e4letas seda kommet oma lapsep\u00f5lvest ja otsustas selle taastada.<\/p>\n

Seej\u00e4rel ootame lihtsalt rahvast. Aleksei paneb selga v\u00f6s\u2019as<\/em>\u2019i r\u00fc\u00fc. V\u00f5i pigem teeb seda tema naine, sidudes talle v\u00f6\u00f6 asemele \u00fcmber pika r\u00e4tiku. See on ka ainus koht, kus n\u00e4gin, et naine seda teeb. Naiste roll, eriti Lilija oma, on siin m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rne. Vahel kipub ta isegi liiale minema, unustades, et v\u00f6s<\/em> (eriti selles keremeti vormis) on ikka meeste asi. Aeg-ajalt on n\u00e4ha, et tema algatused pole teretulnud, n\u00e4iteks siis, kui ta tuletab mehele meelde, mida peab tegema. Aleksei \u00fctleb talle siis vaikselt, kuid resoluutselt: \u201e\u00c4ra kamanda!\u201c<\/p>\n

Autod j\u00f5uavad \u00fcksteise j\u00e4rel kohale. \u00dcldiselt on p\u00e4ev kuiv olnud ja teeolud paremad kui hommikul. Mehed pargivad autod allapoole ja kogunevad siis, et ootamise ajal juttu ajada v\u00f5i kaarte m\u00e4ngida.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Autod pargitakse m\u00e4en\u00f5lvakule ja mehed ootavad ohvripapi m\u00e4rki. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

Kui Aleksei arvab, et osalejad on suures osas kogunenud, viipab ta neile, et n\u00fc\u00fcd v\u00f5ib \u00fcles tulla. Nad sammuvadki hanereas, kaetud peaga m\u00e4e peale, k\u00e4es leivad ja pannkoogid.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Mehed tulevad p\u00fchale alale. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

Kohale j\u00f5udnud, panevad nad leiva ja raha lauale (mille nad on enne \u00e4ra pesnud aiale kinnitatud veepudeli abil), kogunevad \u00fclemisse aeda ning laskuvad p\u00f5lvili.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Leivad ja pannkoogid. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Mehed p\u00f5lvili. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

Aleksei ja tema ametivend palvetavad ja naised jagavad seej\u00e4rel k\u00f5igile putru ning pannkooke.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Palvetavad ohvripapid. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Naised jagavad putru. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Lilija jagab meestele pannkooke. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

S\u00fc\u00fcakse maas istudes \u2013 laua \u00fcmber on vaid m\u00f5ned kohad ning seal istuvad papid, nende naised ja meie Ranusiga.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Pudru s\u00f6\u00f6mine. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00f6s<\/em>\u2019 j\u00f5uab selleks korraks l\u00f5pule: mehed v\u00f5tavad oma leivad tagasi ja l\u00e4hevad hanereas autode juurde.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Mehed naasevad autode juurde. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

Meie koristame ning pakime Aleksei autosse katlad ja muud asjad.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Koristamine. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

Katla, milles on veel poolest saadik putru alles, v\u00f5tavad nad kaasa, et jagada seda neile, kes palvusel ei k\u00e4inud, n\u00e4iteks heasoovijatele, kes pole udmurdi soost, aga t\u00f5id neile vilja.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Pudru jagamine ohvripapi kodus. Foto: Eva Toulouze<\/em><\/p>\n

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Eva Toulouze, soome-ugri uuringute professor INALCO (Pariis), T\u00dc teadur Meie tugiisik Anna viis meid 2014. aasta suvel kokku \u00fche huvitava naisega Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclast, Lilija Garaevaga. Lilija Garaeva juures: paremalt vasakule Anna Baidullina, Eva Toulouze ja Lilija. Eval on peas Lilija kingitud r\u00e4tik. Foto: Laur Vallikivi, 11.6.2014 Lilijat kasvatas vanaema Bigineevo k\u00fclast. Noorena juhtus tema elus…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9284,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-soome-ugri"],"yoast_head":"\nBa\u0161kortostani udmurdi palvused 5. Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclapalvus - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=9261\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ba\u0161kortostani udmurdi palvused 5. Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclapalvus - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Eva Toulouze, soome-ugri uuringute professor INALCO (Pariis), T\u00dc teadur Meie tugiisik Anna viis meid 2014. aasta suvel kokku \u00fche huvitava naisega Ariba\u0161i k\u00fclast, Lilija Garaevaga. Lilija Garaeva juures: paremalt vasakule Anna Baidullina, Eva Toulouze ja Lilija. Eval on peas Lilija kingitud r\u00e4tik. Foto: Laur Vallikivi, 11.6.2014 Lilijat kasvatas vanaema Bigineevo k\u00fclast. 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