{"id":4528,"date":"2014-03-20T07:52:29","date_gmt":"2014-03-20T05:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=4528"},"modified":"2014-03-20T10:00:57","modified_gmt":"2014-03-20T08:00:57","slug":"milleks-praanikud-milleks-praanikud-kui-tana-muugil-saarikud-pohjala-jalanoud-ermi-kogudes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=4528","title":{"rendered":"Milleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, milleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, kui t\u00e4na m\u00fc\u00fcgil s\u00e4\u00e4rikud\u2026 P\u00f5hjala jalan\u00f5ud ERMi kogudes"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Siret Saar, koguhoidja<\/i><\/p>\n

Saabaste v\u00f5i kingade \u00a0peale t\u00f5mmatavaid kummijalan\u00f5usid kalosse hakati valmistama alates 19. sajandi keskpaigast, Eestisse toodi esimesed kalossid Venemaalt v\u00f5i Soomest.<\/p>\n

Porisel ajal t\u00f5mbasid nii naised kui mehed nahktallaga kingadele niiskuse kaitseks kalossid peale. Meenub stseen telefilmist \u201ePisuh\u00e4nd\u201c, kus Ludvig Sander\u00a0 paneb oma suitsetavale punases kleidis naisele, kes on t\u00e4is \u00f5iglast pahameelt,\u00a0 kontsadega kalosse kingadele otsa, suudleb sealjuures ta jalgu ning saab selle eest habemest tutistada ja kiireid lakse vastu n\u00e4ppe.<\/p>\n

Eesti kalossi-mure lahendas kummit\u00f6\u00f6stus P\u00f5hjala, mis alustas kontsaplekkide tootmisega, j\u00f5udis v\u00e4lja erinevate jalan\u00f5udeni \u2013 kalossidest tennisteni.<\/p>\n

T\u00f6\u00f6stuse algusaegadel olid suured teened kummit\u00f6\u00f6stuse v\u00e4ljaarendamisel insener Harry Feldmannil. 1924. aastal hakkas Feldmann v\u00e4ikeses t\u00f6\u00f6kojas Vene Balti tehase majas tootma kummist kontsaplekke. Paljud arvasid, et selline ettev\u00f5te meie oludes tulu ei too, kuid tegelik elu n\u00e4itas vastupidist.<\/p>\n

Kuigi vabrik alustas tegevust j\u00f5udsalt ning juba esimesel aastal \u00fcsna suure k\u00e4ibega, tuli siiski palju pingutada, et leida kindel koht Eesti t\u00f6\u00f6stuses. P\u00f5hjalal \u00f5nnestus Eesti turul oma koht leida ning j\u00e4rk-j\u00e4rgult hakkas ettev\u00f5te v\u00e4lismaa tooteid v\u00e4lja suruma. Peamine osa toodangust j\u00e4i Eestisse, v\u00e4hesel m\u00e4\u00e4ral eksporditi kaupu Islandile ja Portugali, kus kummit\u00f6\u00f6stus puudus.<\/p>\n

\"050248_ERM_A_637_186_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 637:186\/ab naiste kalossid. Ostetud 1930ndatel Koerust.<\/i><\/p>\n

P\u00f5hjala poleks iialgi suutnud nii kiiresti t\u00f5usta, kui seal poleks pandud nii tugevat r\u00f5hku kvaliteedile. Kummi kvaliteet oleneb sellest, kui \u00f5nnestunult on ained kokku segatud. Konkurentsiv\u00f5itluses on paratamatu, et iga firma, kellel \u00f5nnestub konkurentidest parem kummisegu, hoiab selle koostist saladuses.<\/p>\n

\"efa1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kummitoodete vabriku P\u00f5hjala valmistoodete laos 1947. Foto: G. Akmolinski.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u00f5ukogude ajal pidi P\u00f5hjala oma tootmist \u00fcmber kohandama v\u00e4hen\u00f5udlikule N\u00f5ukogude turule. Kvantiteet sai kvaliteedist olulisemaks.<\/p>\n

\"efa2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kummitoodete vabriku P\u00f5hjala mudelitegija J. P\u00e4rnsalu annab juhendeid kleepijale M. Krjakvinale 1960. Foto G. Loss.<\/i><\/p>\n

Koos plaanimajanduse kokkuvarisemisega p\u00fc\u00fcdis P\u00f5hjala \u00fcmber orienteeruda turumajanduse reeglitele. 1992. aastal sai ettev\u00f5te riiklikuks aktsiaseltsiks ning 1996. aastal aktsiaseltsiks. 1998. aastal pidi kummitoodete tehas P\u00f5hjala oma tegevuse l\u00f5petama.<\/p>\n

\"efa3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kummitoodete tehas P\u00f5hjala. Ajavahemikus 1988-1990. Foto Harald Leppikson.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"014871_ERM_A_775_63_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 775:63\/ab naiste kalossid. Saadud L\u00fcganuse khk, kanti alates 1959.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"014877_ERM_A_794_85_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 794:85\/ab naiste botikud. Valmistatud 1961 P\u00f5hjalas.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"014541_ERM_A_904_16_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 904:16\/ab viltsaapad. <\/i>\u201eOstetud Tartust 1970. aastatel. Sellised saapad olid t\u00fc\u00fcpilised vanematele naistele, kasutasid ka ERM-i fondit\u00f6\u00f6tajad. Nimetati “proshtshai molodostideks\u201c. Fondides kasutati seet\u00f5ttu. et olid keskk\u00fctteeelsel ajal, kui ruumid k\u00fclmad, soojad ja redelitel ronides ei olnud libedad.\u201c<\/i><\/p>\n

\"050247_ERM_A_913_44_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 913:44\/ab laste kummikud. Ostetud 1986.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"050253_ERM_A_961_186_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

ERM A 961:186\/ab naiste kalossid. Toodetud 1967 P\u00f5hjalas.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"050252_ERM_A_961_210_ab\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM A 961:210\/ab naiste botikud. Valmistatud 1966 P\u00f5hjalas.<\/i><\/p>\n

Loe lisaks:<\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/tallinncity.postimees.ee\/1784013\/kopli-elujouline-kummitoodete-tehas-pohjala<\/a><\/p>\n

Eesti Rahva Muuseumi aastaraamat<\/i> XLVII: Ellen V\u00e4rv \u201e20. sajandi jalatsite kogu Eesti Rahva Muuseumis\u201c lk 181\u2013210. Tartu, 2003.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Siret Saar, koguhoidja Saabaste v\u00f5i kingade \u00a0peale t\u00f5mmatavaid kummijalan\u00f5usid kalosse hakati valmistama alates 19. sajandi keskpaigast, Eestisse toodi esimesed kalossid Venemaalt v\u00f5i Soomest. Porisel ajal t\u00f5mbasid nii naised kui mehed nahktallaga kingadele niiskuse kaitseks kalossid peale. Meenub stseen telefilmist \u201ePisuh\u00e4nd\u201c, kus Ludvig Sander\u00a0 paneb oma suitsetavale punases kleidis naisele, kes on t\u00e4is \u00f5iglast pahameelt,\u00a0 kontsadega…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4540,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-museaal"],"yoast_head":"\nMilleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, milleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, kui t\u00e4na m\u00fc\u00fcgil s\u00e4\u00e4rikud\u2026 P\u00f5hjala jalan\u00f5ud ERMi kogudes - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=4528\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Milleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, milleks pr\u00e4\u00e4nikud, kui t\u00e4na m\u00fc\u00fcgil s\u00e4\u00e4rikud\u2026 P\u00f5hjala jalan\u00f5ud ERMi kogudes - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Siret Saar, koguhoidja Saabaste v\u00f5i kingade \u00a0peale t\u00f5mmatavaid kummijalan\u00f5usid kalosse hakati valmistama alates 19. sajandi keskpaigast, Eestisse toodi esimesed kalossid Venemaalt v\u00f5i Soomest. 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