{"id":1761,"date":"2013-04-04T11:08:39","date_gmt":"2013-04-04T09:08:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=1761"},"modified":"2014-01-23T01:50:21","modified_gmt":"2014-01-22T23:50:21","slug":"udmurdid-ning-aleksei-petersoni-museoloogiline-kinematograafiamaastik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=1761","title":{"rendered":"Udmurdid ning Aleksei Petersoni museoloogiline kinematograafiamaastik"},"content":{"rendered":"
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 <\/p>\n

Janno Simm, visuaalantropoloog<\/i><\/p>\n

Kes on Aleksei Peterson, teavad museoloogid ja vanema p\u00f5lve kultuuriinimesed vast une pealt. V\u00e4hem on ehk neid, kes teavad, et just Peterson oli see mees, kes muuseumis filmitegemisega alustas.<\/p>\n

\"Pilt6\"<\/a>Kohalik rahvas uudistamas filmiv\u00f5tteid. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Habemega mees fotol vasakul on Aleksei Peterson\u00a0\u2013 ERMi direktor aastail 1958-1992. Foto Priit H\u00e4rmas.<\/em><\/p>\n

ERM on t\u00e4nuv\u00e4\u00e4rselt alustanud toona filmitu taastutvustamist sarjas \u201eEesti etnograafiline film\u201c.<\/p>\n

N\u00f5nda siis \u2013 vaadates 1995. aastal valminud ning 1987.\u20131988. aastail \u00fcles v\u00f5etud filmi \u201eP\u00f5hjaudmurdid 20. sajandi alguses\u201c, tabasin end esiotsa arutlemast, et mis see n\u00fc\u00fcd \u00f5ieti on. Kas tegemist on etnograafilise v\u00f5i dokumentaalfilmi v\u00f5i ehk sootuks kolmanda-neljanda asjaga.<\/p>\n

\u00dchest k\u00fcljest teotseti \u2013 v\u00e4hemasti filmimise ajal \u2013 toonase N\u00f5ukogude Liidu kinematograafiakoolkonna \u00f5itsenguperioodil. Toonased dokumentalistikat\u00f5ed n\u00e4gid dokumentaalfilmi kui kinokunsti alamliiki ning seel\u00e4bi oli esmaoluline k\u00f5neka kujundi loomine. Dokumentaalne autentsus ja usutavus toodi pahatihti ohvriks kunstilistele taotlustele. Pilt oli asi iseeneses, mitte ilmtingimata informatsiooni edasikandja.<\/p>\n

\"Pilt1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Filmi \u201eL\u00f5unaudmurdid XX sajandi alguses\u201d v\u00f5tted. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Foto Priit H\u00e4rmas<\/em><\/p>\n

Sellises eelh\u00e4\u00e4lestuses p\u00f5hjaudmurdi-filmi vaatama asudes tabab vaatajat kerge pettumus. Materjal on asjalik, liigseid kauniskaadreid ja kujundiotsinguid silma ei torka.<\/p>\n

Ent kui l\u00e4hemalt vaadata, siis mida me p\u00f5hjaudmurtidest teada saame? Peterson on \u00f6elnud (intervjuus Liivo Niglasele), et tema taotlus oli kujutada olusid v\u00f5imalikult autentselt. Siin v\u00f5ib aimata vastuolu \u2013 80ndate l\u00f5pus kujutada sama sajandi algust on kahtlemata \u00fcsna keerukas ettev\u00f5tmine. Miks toona \u00fcle\u00fcldse sajandialguse etnograafilise j\u00e4\u00e4dvustamise kasuks\u00a0otsustati, pole siinkirjutajale teada. K\u00fcllap leidus siis veel udmurte, kes arhailisi tegevusi kaamera ees taaselustada suutsid.<\/p>\n

Filmi klassikaline sissejuhatus sarnaneb toonastele etnograafilistele filmidele, muidugi m\u00f5ista vastavalt tolle aja tehnilistele vahenditele. Siin v\u00f5ib vist Henn Heinsoo ja Aado Lintropi k\u00e4tt aimata. Ent edasine filmid\u00fcnaamika on \u00fcsna oman\u00e4oline. Pilt tundub olevat justkui illustratsioon teaduslikule tekstile \u2013 udmurdi Serafima Lebedeva ja eestlase Aleksei Petersoni teaduslik juhendamine on selgelt teksti-, mitte pildip\u00f5hine. Eesm\u00e4rgiks n\u00e4ib olevat olnud teha kirjeldav, t\u00f5siteaduslik film. Ideoloogiliselt haakub filmiplaan toonase, Petersoni-aegse muuseumit\u00f6\u00f6 suunitlusega koguda ja j\u00e4\u00e4dvustada. Luua dokumenti. P\u00f5hjaliku kirjeldamise taotlus r\u00f5hutub skeemirohkusega kaadreis.<\/p>\n

\"Pilt5\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERMi vaneminsener\u00a0 ja kaameramees Aado Lintrop on valmis filmima pulmastseeni. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Foto Priit H\u00e4rmas, 1980.<\/em><\/p>\n

Silma torkab hea operaatorit\u00f6\u00f6. Kaamera on liikuv. Kuigi Lintrop on maininud, et operaatoritele anti filmimiseks \u00fcsna vabad k\u00e4ed, oleks huvitav teada, kuidas tehti valikuid, mida filmida. Valikud tunduvad sunnitud \u2013 v\u00f5rreldes kasv\u00f5i esimese muuseumis valminud filmiga \u201eJ\u00e4\u00e4alune kalap\u00fc\u00fck Audrus\u201c. N\u00e4ib, et filmiti seda, mida osati-taheti etendada. Kui ikka leiti oskaja mees tedrel\u00f5ksu valmistama, siis polnud ilmselt sellest midagi, et k\u00e4es oli suur suvi ja tetredel loodusest toitu k\u00fclluses v\u00f5tta. Siiski, t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval etnograafilise filmi juures taunitud lavastuslikkuseta toona ei saanud. Kohmakas filmiaparatuur esitas omad tingimused. Taotlus oli ju tabada tolleks ajaks v\u00e4ljasurnud kombestikku ja tehnoloogiaid, mida igap\u00e4evases elus ilmselt enam ei kasutatud. Kohati j\u00e4tab valik juhusliku mulje \u2013 miks sattus kaadrisse just lamba p\u00fcgamine, aga mitte kanapidamine v\u00f5i lehmatalitus?<\/p>\n

Huvitavalt siirdub esmalt t\u00e4helepanu taradele-aedadele ja nende tehnilisele kirjeldusele. M\u00e4rgatav on d\u00fcnaamika, taotlus liikuda edasi majapidamises sissepoole, abihoonete (ait, saun, veski) kaudu, vahepaladeks ehitusv\u00f5tted, kalastus, jaht.<\/p>\n

Vaataja v\u00f5iks s\u00e4\u00e4rase ruumilise l\u00e4henemise peale oodata, et edasi minnakse kirjeldama eluruume, ent j\u00e4tkatakse hoopis k\u00e4eliste tegevustega \u2013 p\u00e4rnaniine v\u00e4\u00e4ristamine, reejalaste tegemine, viltide vanutamine, kangasteljed ja karbikeste punumine… Ootamatult triivitakse antropoloogilisemale lainele \u2013 heinateo kaudu riietuse ja toiduni, seej\u00e4rel s\u00f6\u00f6stud kombestikku \u2013 nooriku veega kastmine, j\u00f5kke l\u00fckkamine, talgud veimevaka \u00f5mblemisel, istjatsid.<\/p>\n

\"Pilt7\"<\/a>Palvus enne l\u00f5ikuse algust. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Foto Priit H\u00e4rmas<\/em><\/p>\n

Mis v\u00f5iks olla s\u00e4\u00e4rase stiilivahetuse p\u00f5hjus? Petersoni s\u00fcstemaatilise kinohariduse puudumist (vt Petersoni intervjuu Niglasele) v\u00f5iks sellise, \u017eanriliselt teaduslik-eksperimentaalseks m\u00e4\u00e4ratletava filmi juures\u00a0lausa vooruseks lugeda. K\u00fcllap on m\u00f5neti eklektilise \u00fclesehituse p\u00f5hjuseks ka auv\u00e4\u00e4rne 7-aastane ajavahe v\u00f5tteperioodi ja filmi valmimise vahel.<\/p>\n

Helindamine n\u00e4ikse olevat tehtud hiljem. Heliefektide lisamine \u2013 k\u00f5rva hakkavad heinamaal astuva hobuse kabjaplagin ja katkematu linnulaul m\u00f5negi kaadri taustal j\u00e4\u00e4vad Tallinnfilmi toonaste t\u00f6\u00f6tajate s\u00fcdametunnistusele.<\/p>\n

Aleksei Petersoni toonaseid seiklusi museoloogilisel kinematograafiamaastikul v\u00f5iks k\u00fcllap m\u00f5nes mahukamal ja h\u00f5lmavamal viisil kirjeldada kui seda on \u00fcks blogipostitus. Ent film udmurtidest on kahtlemata v\u00e4\u00e4rikas verstapost ERMi ja kogu muuseumifilminduse teel.<\/p>\n

\"Pilt8\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ERM Fk 1953:421 Vaade rongiaknast. Kaasani jaamast l\u00e4\u00e4ne poole. Tatarstan. Foto J\u00fcri Karm
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

DVD \u201cEesti etnograafiline film 2. Udmurdid\u201d on saadaval ERMi muuseumipoes<\/a> ja e-poes<\/a>. <\/em>Kahest plaadist koosnev komplekt sisaldab ERMi ja Udmurdi Vabariigi Rahvusmuuseumi koost\u00f6\u00f6s valminud populaarteaduslikke filme \u201eL\u00f5unaudmurdid 20. sajandi alguses\u201c (1983), \u201eL\u00f5unaudmurtide religioosne kombestik 20. sajandi alguses\u201c (1983) ning \u201e<\/strong>P\u00f5hjaudmurdid 20. sajandi alguses\u201c (1995).<\/i><\/p>\n

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  Janno Simm, visuaalantropoloog Kes on Aleksei Peterson, teavad museoloogid ja vanema p\u00f5lve kultuuriinimesed vast une pealt. V\u00e4hem on ehk neid, kes teavad, et just Peterson oli see mees, kes muuseumis filmitegemisega alustas. Kohalik rahvas uudistamas filmiv\u00f5tteid. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Habemega mees fotol vasakul on Aleksei Peterson\u00a0\u2013 ERMi direktor aastail 1958-1992. Foto Priit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-soome-ugri"],"yoast_head":"\nUdmurdid ning Aleksei Petersoni museoloogiline kinematograafiamaastik - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=1761\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Udmurdid ning Aleksei Petersoni museoloogiline kinematograafiamaastik - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  Janno Simm, visuaalantropoloog Kes on Aleksei Peterson, teavad museoloogid ja vanema p\u00f5lve kultuuriinimesed vast une pealt. V\u00e4hem on ehk neid, kes teavad, et just Peterson oli see mees, kes muuseumis filmitegemisega alustas. Kohalik rahvas uudistamas filmiv\u00f5tteid. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Habemega mees fotol vasakul on Aleksei Peterson\u00a0\u2013 ERMi direktor aastail 1958-1992. 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V\u00e4hem on ehk neid, kes teavad, et just Peterson oli see mees, kes muuseumis filmitegemisega alustas. Kohalik rahvas uudistamas filmiv\u00f5tteid. Alna\u0161i rajooni Kuzebajevo k\u00fcla, Udmurdimaa. Habemega mees fotol vasakul on Aleksei Peterson\u00a0\u2013 ERMi direktor aastail 1958-1992. 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