{"id":12849,"date":"2019-09-05T09:00:39","date_gmt":"2019-09-05T06:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=12849"},"modified":"2019-09-05T09:01:06","modified_gmt":"2019-09-05T06:01:06","slug":"kittel-nagus-voi-naotu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=12849","title":{"rendered":"Kittel – n\u00e4gus v\u00f5i n\u00e4otu?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Autor: Ellen V\u00e4rv, ERMi rahvakultuuri koolitus- ja teabekeskuse juhataja.<\/p>\n

T\u00f6\u00f6l v\u00f5i kodus kantud lihtsal eest n\u00f6\u00f6bitaval v\u00f5i tagant seotaval kergel r\u00f5ival on nagu heal lapsel olnud l\u00e4bi aegade mitu nimetust: kittel<\/em>, t\u00f6\u00f6kittel<\/em>, vormikittel<\/em>, sitsikittel<\/em>, kodukittel<\/em>, kittelkleit<\/em> jms. Enamasti tulenevad nimetused sellest, mis puhul seda kanti \u2013 kas t\u00f6\u00f6 ajal muu riietuse peal, kerge koduse, suve- v\u00f5i hoopis rannakleidina.<\/p>\n

Seoses ERMis avatud Marit Ilisoni n\u00e4itusega \u201e77 sitsi\u201c t\u00e4rkas huvi veidi piiluda kitlite ja kittelkleitide maailma ning \u00fcle vaadata muuseumi kogud.<\/p>\n

Praktilisest t\u00f6\u00f6l kasutatavast r\u00f5ivastusest \u2013 p\u00f5lledest, varrukatega p\u00f5lledest, kittelp\u00f5lledest ja t\u00f6\u00f6kleitidest \u2013 r\u00e4\u00e4giti juba alates 1920. aastate l\u00f5pust, soovitades neid n\u00e4iteks taluperenaistele.<\/p>\n

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33 \u2013 lihtne t\u00f6\u00f6kleit kirjust kretongist, 34 \u2013 kirjust kretongist p\u00f5ll, 35 \u2013 t\u00f6\u00f6kleit-p\u00f5ll. Taluperenaine 1934, nr 6<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelp\u00f5lle l\u00f5iget rootsi v\u00f5i nn pururiidest soovitati Maanaise 1941. aasta veebruarinumbris.<\/p><\/div>\n

Enim emotsioone on tekitanud aga just n\u00f5ukogude ajal kantud sitsikittel. Kellele on see halli argip\u00e4eva s\u00fcmbol; kellele meenutab toredat noorus- ja \u00fclikooliaega v\u00f5i t\u00e4htsaid s\u00fcndmusi pereelus \u2013 \u00fcksk\u00f5ikseks ei j\u00e4ta sitsikittel kedagi. Minule \u00f5mbles esimese kittelkleidi t\u00e4di just siis, kui ma Tartusse \u00fclikooli tulin.<\/p>\n

\u00dchiselamus elades oli kittelkleit v\u00e4ga mugav, seda sai ka \u00f6\u00f6s\u00e4rgile peale v\u00f5tta, kui keegi hilis\u00f5htul tuppa juhtus v\u00f5i oli tarvis koridoris asuvasse pesuruumi minna <\/em>(Eha, s 1958, intervjuu).<\/em><\/p>\n

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Ajalootudeng Eha P\u00e4lsoni \u00fchikas 1982. aastal, seljas tutvuste kaudu ostetud flanellist v\u00e4lismaine kittelkleit. Erakogu<\/p><\/div>\n

Naiste valdavaks tubaseks argiriietuseks<\/strong> sai kirjust sitsiriidest kittelkleit alates 1960. aastatest. Seda kandis v\u00e4hemalt kaks p\u00f5lvkonda naisi kuni 1980. aastate l\u00f5puni.<\/p>\n

Umbes 10 aastat tagasi [1989] olid minu kodur\u00f5ivasteks enda \u00f5mmeldud puuvillasest riidest kitlid: talveperioodiks flanellist kas pikkade v\u00f5i poolpikkade varrukatega ning soojaks ajaks kerged sitsikitlid. Talvised olid pikemad, suvised l\u00fchemad. Iga uus kittel oli l\u00f5ikelt eelmisest erinev mingi detaili poolest ja kandsin seda harjumiseks esialgu p\u00fchade ajal ning p\u00fchap\u00e4eviti kodus olles. Nii oli v\u00e4ikene vaheldus koduses argip\u00e4evas <\/em>(Ene, s 1933. KV 887, lk 20).<\/em><\/p>\n

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Ergo ema ja vanaemaga. Foto: Vello V\u00e4strik u 1975. Erakogu<\/p><\/div>\n

Eeskujusid moejoonele vastavatest praktiliste ja n\u00e4gusate kittelkleitide \u00f5mblemiseks andsid Tallinna Moemaja moekunstnikud ajakirjade Siluett ja N\u00f5ukogude Naine veergudel. Kes ise ei \u00f5mmelnud, pidi leppima lihtsama ja alati mitte just n\u00e4gusa vabrikutoodanguga.<\/p>\n

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Kittelkleite Tallinna Moemaja moekunstnikelt Helga Maranikult, Saima Krikilt, Dagmar Isokilt ja Evi Arenilt. Siluett 1960<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kodukitlis k\u00f6\u00f6gis s\u00fc\u00fca tegemas. Kilingi-N\u00f5mme,1990. ERM Fk 2896:730<\/p><\/div>\n

Lihtne kittelkleit oli praktiline r\u00f5ivaese ka reisimisel v\u00f5i v\u00e4lit\u00f6\u00f6dele kaasa v\u00f5tmiseks, samuti \u00a0lausa asendamatu noorele imetavale emale.<\/p>\n

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TR\u00dc etnograafiatudengid v\u00e4lit\u00f6\u00f6del P\u00f5hja-Kaukaasias 1982. Erakogu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Noor ema kittelkleidis, 1985. Erakogu<\/p><\/div>\n

Kodustel \u00f5uet\u00f6\u00f6del kanti eelk\u00f5ige maal kirju sitsikleidi k\u00f5rval ka \u00fchev\u00e4rvilist t\u00f6\u00f6kitlit. \u00dcheks oluliseks vaheks varasemate aastate ja t\u00e4nap\u00e4eva [1999] koduriietuse juures on ehk see, et siis ei kandnud naised t\u00f6\u00f6 juures dressip\u00fckse. Eriti vanemad naised mitte. Ikka kanti kleiti v\u00f5i seelikut-pluusi, mille peale t\u00f5mmati sinine v\u00f5i hall t\u00f6\u00f6kittel. Kittel pidi tingimata olema. N\u00fc\u00fcdki t\u00f5mban ma oma p\u00fckste-pluusi peale ikka kitli, kui v\u00e4list\u00f6\u00f6dele l\u00e4hen. Koduriietus peab olema selline, et ei pea aina uih! ja aih! igalt poolt eemale hoidma, et ennast mitte \u00e4ra m\u00e4\u00e4rida <\/em>(Olinde, s 1922, KV 886, lk 255).<\/p>\n

T\u00f6\u00f6 juures<\/strong> kantud kitlitest ongi enim tuntud \u00fchev\u00e4rvilised nn eririietusena t\u00f6\u00f6tajatele antud kitlid. Vastavalt elukutse ise\u00e4rasustele ja sanitaarn\u00f5uetele olid need arstidel, kokkadel, laborit\u00f6\u00f6tajatel ja l\u00fcpsjatel valged, mustema t\u00f6\u00f6 tegijatel aga tumedad, n\u00e4iteks koristajatel sinised. Aastatel 1964\u20131988 ilmus Silueti eriv\u00e4ljaanne \u201eT\u00f6\u00f6- ja teenistusr\u00f5ivad\u201c, mille eesm\u00e4rk oli pakkuda t\u00f6\u00f6riiete mudelin\u00e4idiseid alates kitlitest pihikseelikute ja tunkedeni. Kasutusse j\u00f5udsid need aga visalt. Juba 1968. aasta numbris t\u00f5deti, et lihtne on riietada k\u00fcmmekond inimest \u00fchtlase tegumoega kitlitesse.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Narva-J\u00f5esuu sanatooriumi kokad 1970. aastate teisel poolel. Foto: \u00a0Viktor Salmre. ERM Fk 2644:12039<\/p><\/div>\n

1980. aastate algul oli ajakirjanduse veergudel t\u00f6\u00f6riiete, sealhulgas kitlite teema teravamalt p\u00e4evakorras. Naise t\u00f6\u00f6r\u00f5ivale on veel lisan\u00f5ue \u2013 see peab j\u00e4tma naise naiseks ka t\u00f6\u00f6kitlis. Naine tahab t\u00f6\u00f6l lihtsalt kena v\u00e4lja n\u00e4ha. Ja ega seda taha ainult naised. K\u00fcllap on meestelegi oluline, mismoodi nende p\u00e4rast t\u00f6\u00f6d \u00f5rnad ja armsad kolleegid n\u00e4evad <\/em>(N\u00f5ukogude Naine, 1985 nr 1, lk 7).<\/p>\n

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T\u00f6\u00f6kitleid. Siluett. T\u00f6\u00f6- ja teenistusr\u00f5ivad. 1985<\/p><\/div>\n

Kirjut sitsikitlit kandsid naised paljudel juhtudel t\u00f6\u00f6 juures lihtsalt t\u00f6\u00f6kleidina v\u00f5i vormikitlina.<\/p>\n

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Keila riidevabriku t\u00f6\u00f6taja kittelkleidis. Foto: Viktor Salmre 1964. ERM Fk 2644:1811<\/p><\/div>\n

Ametir\u00f5ivastuseks lasteaias olid mitmesugustest materjalidest kitlid. Tavaliselt oli see riie \u00fchtne k\u00f5ikidele kasvatajatele, kuid iga\u00fcks kas \u00f5mbles ise v\u00f5i lasi \u00f5mmelda selle vastavalt oma figuuri ja moe soovile. 40. aastase staa\u017ei jooksul on mul olnud kitleid sitsist, pesusametist, atlasest, bembergist, kuid ka pihikseelikuid lavsaanist, teksariidest<\/em> (Inge-Milvi, s 1932. KV 886, lk 226).<\/p>\n

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Lasteaiakasvataja lastele raamatut lugemas. Foto: Viktor Salmre 1968. ERM Fk 2644:6506<\/p><\/div>\n

Eesti Rahva Muuseum ootab teie lugusid kitlitest ja kittelkleitidest aadressil tiina.tael@erm.ee.<\/p>\n

L\u00f5petuseks v\u00e4ike pildigalerii ERMi kogudes olevatest t\u00f6\u00f6kitlitest ja kittelkleitidest nappide andmetega, nagu need omal ajal kirja on pandud.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>T\u00f6\u00f6- ja vormikitlid<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tartu Kaubamaja esimene m\u00fc\u00fcja vormikittel, \u00f5mmeldud 1966. Riie anti kaubamaja poolt, kitli valmis\u00f5mblemine oli juba iga\u00fche enda mure. See kittel kuulus m\u00fc\u00fcja Ene Kunglale. ERM A 861:50<\/p><\/div>\n

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Tartu Kaubamaja suvine vormikittel aastast 1985, kuulus m\u00fc\u00fcja Ene Kunglale. ERM A 861:51<\/p><\/div>\n

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Koka kittel, kasutatud Laekvere sovhoosi s\u00f6\u00f6klas. ERM A 972:256<\/p><\/div>\n

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T\u00f6\u00f6kittel, saadud P\u00f6idelt. ERM A 961:38<\/p><\/div>\n

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T\u00f6\u00f6kittel, saadud P\u00f6idelt. ERM A 961:39<\/p><\/div>\n

Need kaks kitlit \u00fclal p\u00e4rinevad Valeria Jurkatami (23.04.1916-07.11.2002, kutsuti P\u00e4rna Valliks) surma j\u00e4rel ERMi tulnud kogust, mist\u00f5ttu t\u00e4psemaid andmeid, mille puhul neid on kantud, kahjuks ei ole.<\/p>\n

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T\u00f6\u00f6kittel, \u00f5mmeldud ENSV Kurtide \u00dchingu P\u00e4rnu \u00d5ppe-Tootmise Ettev\u00f5ttes. ERM A 1009:59<\/p><\/div>\n

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Sitsikitlid ja kittelkleidid<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Kittelkleit, ostis Hilja Karindu u 1980. ERM A 706:99 J\u00e4rva-Madise<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit, ostis Hilja Karindu u 1980. Kleidi alumine rebenenud n\u00f6\u00f6bi\u00fcmbrus on paigatud lapikesega, mis kleidiga kaasas oli. ERM A 706:100 J\u00e4rva-Madise<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kleidi alumine rebenenud n\u00f6\u00f6bi\u00fcmbrus on paigatud lapikesega, mis kleidiga kaasas oli. ERM A 706:100 J\u00e4rva-Madise<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kleit, \u00f5mbles Elli Saage (s 1912) u 1980. ERM A 717:9 Tartu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelp\u00f5ll, \u00f5mbles Sirje Reinoja 1981. aastal, mood 1979. aasta Siluetist. ERM A 727:14 Tartu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittel, \u00f5mbles Marika Mikkor 1978. ERM A 748:42 Tallinn<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit, \u00f5mbles Anu J\u00e4rs P\u00e4rnus 1980. \u00d5mblesin t\u00f6\u00f6\u00f5petuse tunnis koolit\u00f6\u00f6na. Kuna ma kittelkleiti kodus ei kanna, olen seda v\u00e4he kasutanud, n\u00e4iteks kodust v\u00e4ljas \u00f6\u00f6bides. ERM A 889:7 ab P\u00e4rnu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kleit, kittelkleit. Sirje Reinoja \u00f5mbles endale 1970. aastate I poolel suviseks kleidiks. ERM A 23:117 Tartu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit, ostetud 1989. aastal Tartust tubaseks koduseks kleidiks 1927. aastal s\u00fcndinud naisele. ERM A 941:122 Tartu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittel, \u00f5mmeldud siidkangast. ERM A 961:40\/ 1-2 P\u00f6ide<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittel. ERM A 961:44\/ 1-2 P\u00f6ide<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit, mis tehtud \u00f5mblustootmiskoondises V. Klementi, oli\u00a0 Hilja V\u00e4ljaotsa (1913\u20132002) kodune kittelkleit 1980. aastatel. Armastas sinist v\u00e4rvi, seet\u00f5ttu on garderoobis palju sinist tooni r\u00f5ivaid. ERM A 965:50 Tartu<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittel, \u00f5mmeldud \u00f5mblustootmiskoondises V. Klementi. Ostnud Lagle Goldberg, kuid pole kordagi kandnud. ERM A 971:16 Tallinn<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit. Oli koduriietus, hommikumantli asemel, \u00f5mmeldud t\u00e4di antud riidest, t\u00e4di oli selle ostnud ilmselt m\u00f6\u00f6bli (toolide) katteriideks. Oli paks ja raske, kutsusime tondinahaks. Kantud ajavahemikul\u00a0 1975-1985. ERM A 989:2\/ 1-2 Tallinn<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kittelkleit. Selle \u00f5mblesime koos mammaga, see t\u00e4hendab,\u00a0et kasuemast sai n\u00fc\u00fcd mamma, kuna meile oli s\u00fcndinud esimene poeg Jaan (27. septembril 1977). 1978. aasta suvel oli meil v\u00f5imalus olla TPI puhkemajas Kloogal. Saime kolmekesi mehe ja v\u00e4ikese Jaaniga olla seal kaks n\u00e4dalat. Selleks puhuks sai siis \u00f5mmeldud kittelkleit, l\u00f5ige on v\u00f5etud Silueti l\u00f5ikelehelt. Suurema t\u00f6\u00f6 tegi t\u00e4di, mina tegin abit\u00f6id, st aasatasin jne. ERM A 1016:15 Tallinn<\/p><\/div>\n

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Autor: Ellen V\u00e4rv, ERMi rahvakultuuri koolitus- ja teabekeskuse juhataja. T\u00f6\u00f6l v\u00f5i kodus kantud lihtsal eest n\u00f6\u00f6bitaval v\u00f5i tagant seotaval kergel r\u00f5ival on nagu heal lapsel olnud l\u00e4bi aegade mitu nimetust: kittel, t\u00f6\u00f6kittel, vormikittel, sitsikittel, kodukittel, kittelkleit jms. Enamasti tulenevad nimetused sellest, mis puhul seda kanti \u2013 kas t\u00f6\u00f6 ajal muu riietuse peal, kerge koduse, suve-…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6,5,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-foto","category-museaal","category-naitus"],"yoast_head":"\nKittel - n\u00e4gus v\u00f5i n\u00e4otu? - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.erm.ee\/?p=12849\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kittel - n\u00e4gus v\u00f5i n\u00e4otu? - Eesti Rahva Muuseumi ajaveeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Autor: Ellen V\u00e4rv, ERMi rahvakultuuri koolitus- ja teabekeskuse juhataja. T\u00f6\u00f6l v\u00f5i kodus kantud lihtsal eest n\u00f6\u00f6bitaval v\u00f5i tagant seotaval kergel r\u00f5ival on nagu heal lapsel olnud l\u00e4bi aegade mitu nimetust: kittel, t\u00f6\u00f6kittel, vormikittel, sitsikittel, kodukittel, kittelkleit jms. 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